My dog picks up or ‘understands’ the repeated noises I make.
He associates them with an action he can perform to obtain reward.
He’s very good at picking up sign language. Not British or American, obedience or working trials,
But our own form.
On the days I have nothing to say but he still needs to follow instruction.
His heritage is largely sight hound. Watching comes naturally.
Use what’s already there (adapt for needs)
By return I ‘understand’ him. (Mostly)
Gruffs, huffs and woofs, nuances in body positioning or gesture to indicate intention or state.
We’ve trained each other.
I don’t know all dogs, just him.
Does my dog understand me ?
When he wants treats or games, sure
My cats ? That’s a whole ‘nother story.