There may be a few things happening, I suspect. For example:
1. There are people that when presented with a topic, their perceived inability to pause and understand another's experience/perspective/context leads to conflict. It's as if to suggest that their own experience/perspective/context is the only one that matters or is correct. This may have to do with cognitive biases, cognitive dissonance, or perhaps, psychologically, it is too traumatizing or humiliating to their ego if it is found out that they might be wrong. Nobody likes the feeling of being wrong, but for some, it is like a "rejection avoidance" type of behavior. The more facts and clearer the truth becomes, the more they dig their heels in and reject it. We often see this behavior during political and religious conversations.
2. Related, but there are people who genuinely struggle with understanding that their experience (life events, upbringing, cognitive biases, sources of information, conformational bias, personality traits, etc.), this combination is unique, that another person's experience can be totally different.
3. There are people that simply cannot control their emotions. Emotions rule their lives and behaviors. They cannot shut them off, calm their mind, focus, and run on their brain's "logic circuits". Combine this trait with "rejection avoidance" and these people may be the "chaos agents" that flat out will not accept any other perspective or context besides their own...or are the opposite...the "social justice warriors" with weaponized empathy, and will quickly become "triggered", argumentative, raise their voices, become physically violent, and their cognitive dissonance will not accept that the physical acts they might do (vandalism, assault, battery, destruction of personal property, etc) is illegal. When confronted by the police they may look stunned and surprised because, in their mind, their actions were legal, legitimate, and come from a source of good. It is difficult to have any sort of calm discussion with these folks.
4. "Black and white" thinking. Their life experience is so limited that all they know is "black" or "white". It's a form of the Dunning-Kruger phenomenon. Low experience and low mental capability combined with high levels of confidence. Hopefully, over time and more experience, mental capabilities rise, and confidence lowers, more questions are asked, and that "black and white" becomes shades of gray. The more one knows, the more questions arise, that is, for people who are open-minded enough and do not suffer from cognitive dissonance.
5. How people do "research". For example, if someone has convinced themselves that autism is caused by vaccines, and are confronted with someone who says it doesn't, there is a tendency for both to quickly go to their sources and ONLY select those sources that support their belief. Conformational bias. Then it becomes a game of discrediting sources. This is NOT how to do research.
6. Knowing that the best lies are based in truth. The media, politicians, frankly anyone with an "agenda" to influence opinion, control the narrative, or hold power over people will use this deceptive technique. Many people are oblivious and simply accept the "news" as truth, but once they accept that this is happening around them, then it becomes obvious, they stop trusting what is said as truth, and question everything. It's that scene from the movie, The Matrix, when the lead character takes the "red pill" and begins to distinguish the reality and illusion of the world around him.
Given all the variables at play here, it takes some conscious mental discipline to pause, to understand one's unique perspective, accept the other person's unique perspective, ask the appropriate questions (formulating a neutral, unbiased, clarifying question takes some mental discipline), and then respond with an answer in a balanced and nuanced way. It's a difficult thing to do once, let alone to make a habit of it. Personally, I try, and keep on trying, but I know I fail sometimes. It's not something that comes natural to me, but rather is a mental exercise.
There are probably several other contributing factors, but being that is an autism forum, and perspective taking may be a difficult thing for many of us, do be aware that non-autistics may have similar difficulties.