From this description, I am an empath...with one important exception that pretty much makes me NOT, and that is...cognitive empathy...which, like many of us (not all) with an ASD, we are missing. Those 15 qualifiers pretty much explain much of the autism experience...except for cognitive empathy. Many of us having difficulties with understanding another person's mental state, non-verbal language, intent, indirect language, etc. and generally contributes to much of our day-to-day social difficulties. I, for example, will never "know" my wife despite being with her for some 40 years. It's things like that that make interacting with people a bit confusing and anxiety-inducing, and can lead to all manner of miscommunications, misunderstandings, even surprising emotional blow-ups from others. Worse case scenarios being that we can be taken advantage of by others with nefarious or malicious intent...even sales people.
AI Overview
Cognitive empathy is the ability to understand someone else's perspective and thoughts, while emotional empathy is the ability to feel what others are feeling. Cognitive empathy is like understanding the puzzle of another person's mental state, while emotional empathy is experiencing their emotions as your own.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Cognitive Empathy:
- Definition:
The ability to understand another person's thoughts, feelings, and perspective without necessarily experiencing those emotions yourself.
- Key aspects:
Reading facial expressions, body language, and understanding the context of a situation to grasp what someone else might be thinking or feeling.
- Example:
Recognizing that a friend is upset after a difficult meeting at work, even if you're not feeling the same frustration yourself.
- Focus:
Intellectual understanding and perspective-taking.
Emotional Empathy:
- Definition:
The ability to share in someone else's emotions, to feel what they are feeling.
- Key aspects:
Experiencing a visceral reaction to another person's emotional state, feeling their joy, sadness, anger, etc.
- Example:
Feeling a pang of sadness when you see a friend grieving, or feeling their excitement when they receive good news.
- Focus:
Experiencing and sharing the emotions of another person.
In essence:
- Cognitive empathy is like understanding the map of someone's emotional landscape, while emotional empathy is like traveling through that landscape with them.
- Both types of empathy are important for building strong relationships and navigating social situations effectively.
- Some researchers suggest that people with certain conditions, like Autism Spectrum Disorder, may have a difference in their experience of these two types of empathy.
- It's also worth noting that there's a third type of empathy, compassionate empathy,which involves taking action to help others based on understanding their needs.