I do this with my kids all the time...if they didn't hear me the first time, especially if they've been doing that a lot lately, I tell them to think back in their heads to what they just heard and try to make sense of it. It's a good skill to have! (Ever get distracted during a conversation with the boss and miss the question he just asked you? Time to hit "replay" in your head!)
OTOH, I've found that as I get older, I have a harder time understanding what other people are saying. I don't know if it's some hearing loss, or if the ringing in my ears is getting that much worse, or if I'm so distracted by other noises in the environment or just the thoughts in my own head...so I try to give a little grace for other adults, knowing they could be facing who-knows-what issues. Just because someone is "NT" doesn't mean they can't have other problems that make it difficult for them to hear me, like ADD, hearing loss, emotional issues, or even just exhaustion. Just because their problem isn't obvious to me (or to them) doesn't mean it's not a legitimate problem.
That said, people who obviously don't have high enough value for the things I have to say, don't deserve access to my thoughts. So I tend to seek out the people who actually try to listen. They're more likely to be more interesting to me as well, since they're more likely to be the kind of person who actively listens to other people talking, and thereby learn more and know more and understand more.
ETA: One thing I've found is that it's often the people doing the least amount of talking who are the most interesting! So someone like me, who just sits back and listens to people...if you were to interact with me in conversation, it might sound like I'm not listening because I don't process my social interactional thoughts that quickly. But there are times I get comfortable enough with someone to be open about my real thoughts on things, and people are shocked at how much I have to say on stuff. And it's not just me. I occasionally come across other people like this...they're not very social, not the kind of person you walk away from feeling like they're awesome and love you so much, but they notice things, and really do care on a level that many people never know exist.